Three mechanisms, only one of them regulated
Floodplain management holds the parcel record and matters where structural work is extensive inside a mapped zone. The two physical mechanisms are separate: glacial clay holds water against foundations and swells, and frost heave adds a seasonal lifting force that southern markets simply do not have. A diagnosis that names only one of the three is incomplete.
Official sources
Establish the mechanism before choosing a repair
Citywide records cannot tell you your parcel's flood status, how deep your footings sit, or which mechanism is actually moving your foundation. Get the first from the city and the rest from an engineer with no stake in the repair.
Sources reviewed 2026-07-19. Maps and municipal rules get updated on their own schedule, separate from ours.